Case analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Case analysis - Essay Example It is amongst the top fifteen companies in the United Kingdom. It’s past financial performance has been quiet commendable and its spread of operations world over. The biggest strength of the organization laid in its successful acquisitions through which it derived internal development. Sound financial control of the organization ever since its inception has been one of its hallmarks. More and more hotels were acquired as time passed. Despite having innumerable complex intricate operations, the structure of the organization was unbureaucratic. Their chief financial manager Joseph believed in trading purchase assets; a strategy that proved to be very effective for them.The main premise behind this was to use cash flow generated from the acquisition to cover debts. This meant good management would increase cash flow for the company while covering debts. John acquired those assets he believed would rise in cost owing to inflation and would help generate significant cash flow in future. Most of the acquisitions barring that with Express had been on good friendly terms. Even after acquisitions, the business was allowed to run in their own styles without a lot of interference from the top management. Joseph never intervened deeply into the running affairs of the business. There were lots of opportunities all the way from the beginning. Acquisitions kept taking place as went the chance to do so turn in. The opportunities were executed none bureaucratically. Joseph’s only focus was on the fact that the existing cash flow would be able to cover any debts while operations were feasible. If everything fit the bill for him, he would then go ahead. It was with this idea in his mind that he acquired brewer Truman, Han bury, Buxton (THB). Joseph realized that the breweries were attractive in-city spots. He further cashed in on the curativeness of this offer when he saw an opportunity in â€Å"Winey Mann† as a follow up on THB. This was a huge step for

Social Media in China Essay Example for Free

Social Media in China Essay Introduction: According to Webster’s dictionary Social Media are â€Å"forms of electronic communication (as Web sites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content.† The main purpose of social media as a marketing tool is to engage with consumers. Social media allows businesses to engage with consumers in ways that were never possible before. For most companies, creating a social media campaign is not the challenge. The challenge for most companies is their ability to measure effectiveness of their social media efforts. Measuring how a social media campaign translates into profits for a company is no easy feat. But there are some things companies can do to not only make their campaigns successful, but to measure the benefits of this success. The objective of this research paper is to explore how businesses can use social media as a successful marketing tool. Specifically, this paper will address how Chinese businesses can use social media as an effective marking tool. It will also explore the differences between social media in the United States and China. Social Media Platforms in the USA There are several types of social media which are used in the United States. The most commonly known are those which are considered to be â€Å"social networks.† These sites allow for individuals to make their own personal profile and connect with other individuals. Communications on these platforms come as video, messages and pictures. Facebook and MySpace are commonly used to keep in touch with friends and family. LinkedIn is a different type of social network whose primary focus is to connect business professionals with one another. Many businesses use these types of social media to share important information about the company activities with consumers. They can also use these types of tools to entice consumers to purchase products or visit their stores. These types of networks can also be used to target customers or to create a buzz about some new product or promotion going on with a specific company. Pepsi is a great example of how a company used Facebook to increase sales. â€Å"Pepsi used social networks, specifically Facebook, to gather custo mer insights about their DEWmocracy promotions. Their efforts lead to the creation of various varieties of their Mountain Dew brand.† By allowing the customer to decide what flavors they would like to see created, Pepsi gained great insight about the people who buy their product. Another type of social platform is what is known as a microblog. A microblog is a shorter condensed version of an actual blog. These platforms limited their users to 140 characters as opposed to regular blogs that allow users unlimited amount of characters. They are used for immediate and constant updating when things happen or even when they are happening. The purpose of the microblog is to get small bits of information to your â€Å"followers† as quickly as possible. Twitter is the most commonly known and most popular microblog in use today. With Twitter, a user can create their own account and then can elect to â€Å"follow† other users on the platform. They can choose to â€Å"follow† friends, family and even celebrities. Bu t from a business standpoint, there is more value in Twitter than just tweeting and retweeting. According to Schmidt, â€Å"Twitter can be used as a monitoring tool to get data that marketers need to make decisions. Companies now have ability to monitor what consumers think and feel about their specific product. One tweet from a company has the potential of reaching all 140 million Twitter users† (Schmidt.6). Though the microblog is a newer type of social media platform, Twitter has seen huge success since its birth in 2006. Marketers can capitalize on this platforms’ success by utilizing it in their business’s everyday marketing strategy. Blogs are also considered to be a type of social media, though less popular than the ones previously mentioned. A blog is similar to an online journal or diary but is used by several different people for different reasons. They are not limited in length and can be very informative or just for fun, depending on the author. The entries can also be short or long as well. Schmidt explains that, â€Å"the blog has a solid pla ce in social media because of it flexibility and capacity for interactivity. A blog reaches people in different ways than other mediums do so it is a good idea for companies to use this together with other social media outlets, not instead of them† (Schmidt.4). It is important to note, however, that if a company uses a blog, they must make sure they invest the time and energy to keep the information current and the posting frequent. Social Media in China Social media in China takes on a unique form compared to the rest of the world. Unlike other countries, the use of such social media sites like Facebook and Twitter are banned and blocked in China. â€Å"Rather than eliminate social media all together, these restrictions have resulted in a flourishing home-grown, state approved ecosystem in which Chinese-owned properties thrive† (Crampton.1). Social media has become integrated in the lives of Chinese people. Most internet users in Chinese experience the internet solely through social media. The Chinese platforms created are similar to those platforms used across the world. Like their US counterpart, the Chinese have developed numerous types of social media platforms. While other counties use Facebook, China has developed a platform called Renren. This â€Å"social network† has similar features to that of Facebook in which users create their own personal profile and connect with friends and family. This platform is commonly used to keep in touch with such people. This platform attracts college students and users can also upload video and personal information. However, unlike many other countries, China also has several other platforms which attract unique segments of the population. For example, Douban is a social media site that specifically attracts art students. You are likely to find individuals who are passionate about reading , culture and music. Another type of â€Å"social network†, KaixinOO1, is similar to Renren in that it allows users to create profiles. Unlike Renren, this site is utilized mostly by white collared professionals and is used to share more broad information as opposed to personal content. The Chinese have also utilized the microblog through there platform known as Sina Weibo. Again, this platform has similarities to that of Twitter. The interface works just like Twitter. Users elect to follow certain people and in turn other people can follow them. This platform has about 100 million registered users which consist of a board range of China’s internet population. Some of the people who utilize this type of social media include youth, celebrities, business professionals, and media personalities (Nooruddin.2). But what sets this country’s social media apart is not those platforms that are similar to those of other countries, but those interfaces uniquely utilized in China. An example is the utilization of Chinese bulletin board systems (BBS). These are â€Å"online forums where individuals can post questions and engage in discussions on any range of topics. More the 96% of Chinese online users have spent an hour or more a day on BBS sites. These users tend to be between the ages of 20 to 40 years old from various professional backgrounds. More than 80% of BBS users search for product information and of these users about 61.7% ask other BBS users for their opinion before making a purchase themselves†(Geng.6). These systems allow for users to post anonymously which encourages users to be honest in their reviews of certain products and services. As you can see, different social media platforms in china attract a distinct audience, making it easier for Chinese businesses to target specific consumers. However, while there are many different social media outlets in China, after having a chance to speak with Chinese natives, it seems that Webio is the most highly used by Chinese citizens. We will explore further how businesses in China use these different platforms to successfully use social media as part of their marketing mix. Social Media Differences between the Two Countries Upon reviewing the different platforms in both countries, one might conclude that there is no difference among those types of social media used in both countries. Though at first glance, this may be the case, there is much more to social media in China than simply the platforms which Chinese internet users utilize. Social media has been so deeply intenerated into the lives of the Chinese. In china, the social media is the internet; there is no real distinction. â€Å"Social media platforms and online behaviors vary in important ways from those that may be considered their international equivalents and this difference is not due to censorship,† (Crampton.2). The variations in usage are driven by language, culture and economical development. The platforms which individuals of different countries focus on can vary widely. This variation can occur not only between countries, but within a single country as well. One way to understand the differences between the uses in China verses The United States is by analyzing the differences among the platforms in both countries. Twitter and Sina Weibo are both microblogs used to have short quick communications with users. The differences between these two platforms are rooted mainly in language. Sina Weibo is the fastest growing microblog in China. Though it is similar to Twitter in that it allows users to post 140 characters, Weibo actually allows its users to post videos and photos. It also allows users to comment on other peoples updates and to add comments when reposting a friends message; all things which twitter currently lacks. One of the biggest advantages however, which Weibo has over Twitter is the â€Å"length of communications expressed via microblogs in Chinese verses English† (Crampton.4). Even though both platforms allow users to express 140 characters worth of information in a single post, those users communicated using Chinese have an upper hand. This is due to the fact that each Chinese character is a word. This allows users, but more importantly, companies which are utilizing this platform to engage with consumers, to share more information. The article, â€Å"Social Media in China: The Same, but Different,† shows how Dell utilized this language difference. For a promotion the company was running they posted this update on twitter: â€Å"Today’s deal: Get FREE Eco-Lite Sleeve with the purchase of any Dell Outlet Insprion Mini 10,† (Crampton.4). A similar message on a Chinese microblog for the same add read like this: â€Å"Dell’s National Day Sale runs from Se ptember 11 to October 8th. To celebrate the 60th anniversary with the motherland, Dell home computers is offering 6 cool gifts and deals on 20 computer models. These exciting offers will run nonstop for 4 weeks. Also, get a free upgrade to color casing and a 512MB independent graphics card, as well as other service upgrades. All offers are on a first com first serve bases† (Crampton.4). As one might notice, a 114 characters limit in Chinese translates into 434 characters in English. This turns microblogging in China into more of a blog-like platform. Though these two platforms are different in structure, as business promotion tools, they are one in the same. Businesses use both Webio and Twitter to create a dialog and to get information about what is going on with their company quickly to their users. According to Nielsen, brand information via social media in both China and the US spread through, â€Å"interactions with friends on social media platforms. They believe that their platforms can be used by business to achieve greater success than form traditional advertizing.† It is clear to businesses that these micro blogs are important not only to help create a dialog between the consumer and the business, but more importantly, these specific platforms are used to obtain higher immediate brand exposure, brand identity and brand awareness among consumers. While the social network site Facebook has become the default social network throughout most of the world, China has been able to establish similar platforms which are tailored to attract specific segments of people. Most of the social networks created in China have developed around the interests of people who belong to certain segments of the Chinese population. As mentioned before, Douban is focused on attracting those individuals who are art students. The website also allows registered users to record information and create content related to film, books, music, and recent events in Chinese cities. Unlike Facebook and Renren, it is opened to both registered and unregistered users. Not only can users connect according to their interests but the website also provides recommendations about books, music and more to its users. Based on this information, one can conclude that social media in China has been somewhat customized to meet the needs of several different segments of the population as well as to meet the interests of those people. Companies can benefit from these â€Å"targeted social networks.† Yet oddly, â€Å"many companies have failed to acknowledge the shifts in their marketing strategy. Social media has grown to become the shared commons where Chinese consumers offer opinions, ask for advice and discuss their interests which include brands. Thus, while in the past the internet could have been considered a lost opportunity in China, today, ignoring social media is a business risk† (Crampton.6). The article entitled, â€Å"Social Media: The new Hybrid Element of the Promotion Mix,† examines how the traditional marketing mix has been changed due to the rise of social media. Traditional Promotional Mix Verses New Promotional Mix Traditionally, marketing consists of the four â€Å"Ps,† product, price, placement and promotion. The promotional mix focuses on the promotion elements of marketing. Before social media, companies relied heavily on what is known as integrated marketing communications to interact with their consumers. These communications, â€Å"attempt to coordinate and control various elements of the promotional mix- advertising, personal selling, public relations, publicity, direct marketing, and sales promotion- to produce a unified consumer-focused message and therefore, achieve various organizational objectives as well† (Mangold and Faulds.1). Promotions are all about communication because promotions are the way a business makes its products known to both current consumers and potential ones as well. The goal of a promotion is to ensure that customers are aware of the existing products and it is also used to persuade customers that the product is better that the competing products on the market. It is a marketer’s job to remind customers’ why they want to buy their companies products. Traditionally, businesses spoke to their consumers through such mediums as TV ads, billboards and radio. It is also typical for a company to use sales promotions to influence consumers to buy. The rise of social media has flipped these traditional ideas of promotional marketing on its head. Due to the rise of social media, the â€Å"strategies for communicating with customers have changed significantly† (Mangold and Faulds.358). Mangold and Faulds suggest in their article, â€Å"Social Media: The new Hybrid Element of th e Promotion Mix,† that social media plays a hybrid role in the promotional mix. This is due in part to the fact that social media has changed the way which businesses can communicate with their consumers. Social media not only enables companies to speak directly to their consumers, but it also allows for consumers to communicate with one another on a large front. Companies can use such platforms as Facebook and Renren to communicate with their consumers. The company’s consumers can use these same platforms to give feedback about their experiences with that company’s product or service.â€Å"The second role of social media- enabling customers to talk to one another, is in away an extension of the traditional word-of-mouth communication† (Mangold and Faulds.359). What makes this word of mouth exchange unique is that it magnifies the communication. Before social media and with the traditional approach, individual consumers were only able to communicate their experience to a few friends. Consumers now have the ability to express their experience s to hundreds and thousands of people in the matter of a few keystrokes on a social media platform. This takes the control of what messages are sent to consumers away from the actual business and puts it into the hand of the consumer; it in turn limits the amount of control companies have over the content and dissemination of information (Mangold and Fauld.359). The question for businesses to explore: how can this power of social media be harnessed for the benefit of the organization? The best way to do this is by consistently engaging with the consumers by these platforms. Companies are in control when they are able to create a buzz about a specific product, when they are able to learn from customers and when they are able to successfully target customers. Divol, Edelman and Sarrazin explain how companies can use this control which social media gives them to create successful social marketing campaigns. Divol, Edelman and Sarrazin, authors of the McKinsey Quartly article entitled Demystifying social media believe that in order for businesses to be in control of social media conver sations, they must monitor consumer responses, respond to those responses, amplify their responses and make efforts to lead consumers to long term behavioral changes which will continue to keep them coming back to their company. They describe brand monitoring as â€Å"simply knowing and understanding what consumers are saying about the company’s product.† (Divol.4) They believe that even if a company does not engage in direct conversation with consumers on social media platforms, this information obtained by monitoring will allow them to gain insight on what their consumers want. It also provides advanced warning for negative publicity. But monitoring is just the start. Businesses also need to respond to consumers by pinpointing conversations for personal interaction with the consumer. This responding can be positive if it is done to provide customer service or to uncover certain leads or to deal with crisis management. Next, the authors believe that it is important to amplify their conversations with their consumers. They explain that â€Å"amplification involves designing your marketing activities to have an inherently social motivator that spurts broader engagement and sharing. This means that businesses should invite consumers to join into a conversation. They should also have ongoing programs and share new content. It is also important for businesses to provide opportunities for sharing back. Finally, businesses should focus on offering experiences that customers want to share to others† (Divol.6). An example of this amplification comes from Starbucks. â€Å"Starbucks wanted to increase awareness of its brand. To do this, the company launched a campaign which challenged their users to be the first to tweet a picture for one of the new advertising posters which the company had placed in six major cities providing the winners with $20 gift cards. This got millions of fans speaking about Starbucks and their current promotion. By giving consumers a reason to speak about a company’s brand, they are able to quickly and effortlessly create customer brand awareness and therefore, save millions of dollars in advertising† (Divol.7). Finally, the authors believe it is important to lead consumers along long term behavioral exchanges which will keep them coming back for more. Companies can influence behavioral changes by creating a buzz, asking for feedback from customers and creating promotions which actively involves consumers. In order to have successful marketing campaigns in the 21st century, mangers need to change their thin king and attitudes toward these new additions to the marketing mix. They need to realize, accept and understand that a large amount of information about their products and services are being talked about via social media outlets. They also need to understand that the communications occurring on these platforms are directly impacting all aspects of consumer behavior. Managers should be aware that â€Å"consumers are reducing their reliance on advertising and traditional elements of the promotional mix as a source of information to help make their purchasing decision,† (Mangold and Faulds.361). In order for marketing managers to drive a successful social media campaign, these managers need to learn to communicate with their consumers on the medium and not to speak at them as illustrated by the examples above. How can Social Media be used to Benefit Businesses? Though the social media platforms used in China and the US differ, the basic benefits of social media to businesses are the same. The main goal of social media in marketing campaigns is customer engagement. Just like with traditional marketing, social media can be utilized for customer engagement. As mentioned previously, social media allows the consumer to communicate on a massive scale to one another on their experiences with particular products. In order for a business to benefit from this, marketing managers need to focus their efforts on shaping the conversation. The following paragraphs explain ways in which businesses can take control of social media conversations. Consumers prefer to communicate with likeminded people. One way that organizations can control this is by providing platforms, which allow likeminded people to network. Organizations can create online communities which consumers with the same interests and values can come together to communicate about similar intere sts. These â€Å"networking opportunities do not have to take form in social media platforms to be effective. For example, movie premiers bring together die-hard fans who like to attend midnight showings so they can be the â€Å"first to know† about the movie. Similarly, Apple has effectively been able to drive iPhone fanatics together who wait in long lines to be the first to purchase the new product. Creating excitement through events and through online forums will benefit the organizations. As the authors state, â€Å" the experience of participating with likeminded individuals in highly anticipated events becomes memorable and is likely to e talked about for years to come† (Mangold and Faulds.361). This is the type of positive conversations organizations can benefit from. Consumers also feel most engaged when they are able to give feedback. This way they feel like they are being heard. Organizations can also use contests and free give a ways in order to engage with their consumers. However, it is important to remember that organizations want to have meaningful conversations with their consumers. If all their consumers are talking about is getting free stuff from them and not about the products and services that these organizations may offer, then that means that companies are not using social media effectively. A way in which organizations can effectively use contests for engagement is by having contests in which consumers are actively involved in promoting a certain product. â€Å"Enabling consumers to see others using the product can entertain and engage consumers while communicating product benefits† (Mangold and Faulds.362). Other ways in which organizations can utilize communication to consumers via social media is by providing information to consumers. Using social media platforms to introduce new products or to provide answers to questions are a few ways in which companies can insure that their consumers are being informed. Some companies have established special websites that allows consumers to connect to one another and gather more information about specific products or services which they are interested. For example, Procter and Gamble created portion of their website called â€Å"Ask Julia.† This section of the website provides detailed information on many subjects related to the products which PG provide to their consumers. The more informed you are, the more you will communicate it to others. At times, it is important for businesses to think outside of the box with their campaign. A way they can do this and attract attention to them is by doing something outrageous to get their consumers talking. For example, Burger King played a joke on it customers by telling them that the Whopper would no longer be sold. They then recorded their customer’s reactions to the news which they posted online for consumers enjoyment. These reactions got Burger King’s consumers talking. Sometimes it is important for businesses to have a little fun with their marketing techniques as Burger King did in this example. Consumers also enjoy exclusivity. People generally like to feel special. Businesses have the ability to control this type of special feelings. Feeling special can occur if businesses offer products, information and special deals which are only available to a specific subset of customers. These positive feelings will most likely translate into positive talk among consumers. Some other ways in which companies can get their consumers talking is by make people want to talk about them. When Apple launched their first iPhone, it changed the way people looked at phones forever. Companies should design products with talking points in mind. If companies provide exclusive offers to their consumers, it will also get them talking as well. It makes the consumer feel important to the company and thus should lea d to positive talks from consumers. Finally, companies can support causes that are important to consumers and utilize the power of stories to create meaningful conversations. By doing so, they can connect with those consumers which may be emotionally linked to a specific causes. Due to this linkage, these consumers may be more likely to purchase a company’s product. How can companies measure the effectiveness of social media? After doing a lot of research, I have found that both American and Chinese companies use the same or similar metrics to track their social media success. Since social media is fairly new in the marketing realm, most companies have struggled translating the effectiveness of their social media into actual numbers in term of return on investment for their companies. But companies can do themselves a favor by tracking specific metrics which can tell them how successful their campaigns are in terms of reach. In terms of social media, reach is defined as the number of people who see the conversations which occur between a specific business and other consumers or social media users in general. As stated before, the purpose of social media is to hold conversations with potential new customers on these platforms; it is all about engagement. In terms of conversation, it is important for a company to measure the number of conversations they have with their â€Å"fans† or â€Å"followers,† the speed of the responses they are getting from their fans or followers and the company’s ability to hold a single conversation. It is important to see what your fans are talking about. The conversations must be of quality and less so about what someone is getting from the company i.e. â€Å"free stuff.† But while social media thrives on conversation, the metrics that can be used to see the effectiveness of a social media campaign stretches much wider. The following lists some of the metrics that a company should look for in order to determine whether their social media campaign is really having an impact on their company: * Social Connections and Page Views: How much exposure is your site getting on social media platforms? It is important for any company to keep track of the number of followers they are obtaining through their social media platforms * Quality of Followers/Fans: According to â€Å"Thoughtful China,† it is important that companies realize that it is not just about the number of followers or fans that the company’s page has but also the number of followers or fans which each individual person who is following the company’s site has. This will drive the reach and the impact which the company is having over the whole social media platform. (Thoughtful China Video). * Engagement Rate: â€Å"A good social media marketer needs to know when he or she posts something that creates a reaction or follower engagement,† (Gold.1). It is important to keep track of positive and negative feedback gained from certain posts. It is also important for a company to keep track of what is known as the â€Å"retweet rate.† This is in essence is keeping track of the number of times you are retweeted every time you post a single tweet. This flows into the next metrics, reach. * The Reach of your Social Media Campaign: This includes a number of things. One of the main things to look for is your company’s â€Å"share of voice.† This simply refers to the number of people on social media which is talking about your company in comparison to your competitors. It is important for a company to think about reach in this manner; â€Å"Am I doing better than last week or last month and what did I do to improve or hurt my performance or reach?† (Gold.1). The more effort companies put into their social media campaigns, the higher the return. Studies show that if a company can convert â€Å"7% of fans or followers into customers this will translate into 40% of sales† (Thoughtful China Video). Since there are extremely high volumes of people using social media platforms, it is hard to say exactly how many people you engage with turn into buyers of your product. But since social media can be used all along the value chain, it is important for businesses to look at the ROI of social media in terms of its overall business impact, not just its impact on sales. Without impact measurements, it is extremely difficult for companies to justify investments in social media and to compare social media marketing with other marketing mediums. Key performance indicators are vital in making the case for social media. According to McKinsey Company, a comprehensive measurement rationale should consist of three levels of KPIs. Level one should consist of a basic KPI system that measures engagement and consumers feelings of the companies’ social media efforts on all different platforms. Metrics such as the ones mentioned above can be used to stratify this level measurement. The company also suggests that level two should consist of business case logic. McKinsey Company recommends that â€Å"companies should create business cases to assess the value of specific activates, like campaigns, or decisions, like platform choices† (McKinsey Company Buzz into Gold). An example could be tracking the value of a Facebook fan. A company should create a calculation that recognizes the average number of contacts created through one Facebook fan. The third and final level consists of gross rating points which will allow companies to make social media comparable across all platforms. McKinsey Company notes that â€Å"for traditional marketing, gross rating points (GRPs) measures advertising intensity of a campaign as a whole. This traditional rating can also be used as a metrics which is used specifically for social media. This measure would be based on the number and reach of the companies posting through multiple social media platforms and would be calculated as the number of people reached multiplied by the number of times these people are reached per day or week (which ever the company prefers). Based on the information above, it is clear that there are many ways in which companies can measure effectiveness of their social media campaigns. The question that needs to be answered now is are American and Chinese companies successfully measuring these metrics? The answer: some companies recognize the importance of these metrics more than others and are doing a better job of tracking this information than others. Here are just a few examples of Chinese and American companies who have used social media as a marketing tool successfully. AJ Bombers: An American Company who experienced social media success AJ Bombers is a burger joint located in Milwaukee Wisconsin. Joe Sorge, the owner of the restaurant changed the way he promoted his company and turned it strictly into social media marketing. He believes that successful social media marketing starts with a great product, something he believed his restaurant had; the best burger in town. Sorge decided to get rid of all forms of traditional marketing that he had previously used to promote his restaurant. Before making the switch to strictly social media, he relied on only using email marketing as a method of marketing his restaurants. Sorge started experimenting with Twitter. He first searched to see what people were saying about his restaurant and he eventually decided to create an account himself so that he could respond to what his customers where saying about his restaurant. By doing this, he was able to create meaningful relationships with his customers and began to see positive reactions from his customers whom he had communicated with via Twitter. The power of social media became evident when Sorge realized that his account had the ability to reach hundreds and thousands of people through his Twitter account. Even if he did not directly engage with some of his customers, they were able to see the conversations going on, and if they liked something they heard or saw, they were able to retweet it to friends and family. The restaurant was previously known for its events. When Sorge realized the benefits of social media, he quickly used this to help promote the events which occurred at his restaurants. He used social media platforms to drive sales for AJ Bombers. One example of an event that Sorge put on was the, â€Å"I’m on a boat badge party.† He partnered with foursquare to create a check in point for his restaurant. Then he used Twitter and Facebook to promote the event. This event allowed customers to earn an â€Å"I’m on a boat badge.† He also partnered with a local outdoors store to obtain boats which customers so that customers could earn their badge by taking part in challenges after checking in. During the event, more than 231 people checked in to the foursquare events page. The event resulted in the single best day of sales that the restaurant has ever seen and the employees had to turn away customers because they did not have enough room to accommodate everyone who showed up. Sorge believed that the word of mouth buzz created by this event through various social platforms and the speed at which the information traveled is what lead for this event to be one of the most successful events he has ever created. This example shows the how constant engagement with customers on social media platforms can be effective in attracting consumers to certain businesses. It also shows how fast communication happens via social media and how many people these conversations can potentially reach. This type of success is possible for all kinds of businesses if they know how to effectively engage with customers. IKEA China: Building a Loyal Following through Online Customer Engagement (Source: The China Observer) IKEA Group is the world’s largest furniture retail with over 280 stores in 26 countries. In 1998, IKEA chose Shanghai to penetrate the Chinese market. IKEA presently runs ten stores in nine cities in China and has achieved total sales of $755 million dollars with over 31 million customers visiting its stores in 2011. Since IKEA used a relatively conservative approach to opening new stores in China, IKEA location were limited, making it harder to reach the young generation of white collar consumers across China. The company found it challenging to build a distinctive brand and to influence Chinese consumers to purchase products since most people treated the IEKA stores as a place for entertainment and not to make purchases for new furniture. In October of 2010, IKEA decided to expand their emphasis on social media. The company started to organize events both real-world and virtual events to engage potential customers both online and offline. IKEA created its own profile on Douban, a Chinese social media platform which allows users to recommend, comment on and compare their favorite books, films and music. The company created a page which listed tips on decorating homes with IKEA products. In September 2011, the company launched on its page called â€Å"the dream home in films.† They encouraged users to upload screenshots of their favorite home furnishing styles from famous films and write a description of the scenes with each â€Å"episode† containing a different theme, focusing on different types of rooms in a virtual home. Participants could win gifts sponsored by IKEA. IKEA attracted a widespread and achieve engagement among Douban users; they are considered to be well-educated and creative urban Chinese. The online and offline event provided customers and potential customers with a way of expressing themselves which translated into a positive impression of the IKEA brand. IKEA’s profile page on Douban, increased to just over 30 thousand followers and 210 thousand visitors. IKEA was able to increase its sales by 20% in the 2012 fiscal year by investing in its brand in China through social media. Conclusion Businesses all over the world have switched gears and included social media as a part of their marketing efforts. With the ever evolving ways of the internet, it is important for businesses to realize how to use web platforms such as social media to help increase their bottom line. In order for companies to make sure they run a successful social media campaign, marketers need to educate themselves on the different ways to engage with their consumer on social media, and how to track these conversations in terms of ROI. Proper utilization of social media can lead to increased brand awareness, brand image but most importantly, the proper use of social media as a marketing tool can lead to increased sales. Works Cited Bodnar, Kipp. Generating Small Business Customers with Social Media.Hubspot.com. Web. Crampton, Thomas. Social Media in China: The Same but Different. China Business Review. ProQuest, 11 Jan. 2011. Web. 27 Oct. 2012. Divol, Roxane, David Eldmen, and Hugo Sarrzin. Demystifying Social Media. Demystifying Social Media. McKinseyCompany, Apr. 2012. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. Dove: Encouraging Female Consumers to Share Their Beauty Stories. The China Observer. N.p., 31 May 2012. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. IKEA China: Build a Loyal Following Through Customer Engagement Online. The China Observer. N.p., 22 Mar. 2012. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. Kuo, Kaiser. Blogs, Bulletin Boards and Business. China Business Review. ProQuest, Jan. 2009. Web. 27 Oct. 2012. Lipsman, Andrew, Graham Mudd, and Mike Rich. Power of Like: How Brands Rewach (and Influence) Fans Through Social-Media Marketing. Journal of Advertising and Research 52.1 (2012): 1-24. Web. Mangold, Glynn, and David Faulds. Social Media: The New Hybrid Element of the Promotion Mix. Harvard Business Review (n.d.): 1-9. Web. Nooruddin, Zaheer. 7 Steps to Weibo Success. China Buisness Review. ProQuest, July 2012. Web. 27 Oct. 2012. Schmidt, Stacey, and David Ralph. Social Media: More Available Marketing Tools. The Business Review. ProQuest, Dec. 2011. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. Turning Buzz into Gold. McKinseyCompany. McKinseyCompany, n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. Gold, Harry. 14 Social Media ROI Metrics You Can Use Right Now! ClickZ. Click Z Marketing and News, 21 May 2012. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. http://www.clickz.com/clickz/column/2178428/14-social-media-roi-metrics. Social Media Metrics. Thoughtful Media Group. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. http://www.thoughtfulchina.com/en/social-media-metrics-en.html.

Our Father Who Art in Heav...Our Mind :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Our Father Who Art in Heav...Our Mind Be careful when you mention your religious experiences or any supernatural experiences that you have had with God, the gods, or the universe. The person that you report them to may quickly reduce your experiences to a simple decrease or increase in electrical activity within specific parts of your brain. While you may believe that your experiences are as real as the piercing sound of your alarm, waking you from your blissful "flying" dreams, you should know that the research performed and documented by scientists, concerning the experience of God, is also real. Have you ever heard the professed beliefs that Moses, who spoke to the Christian God for the first time through an angel in a flaming fire in a bush, and several times afterwards in the Old Testament of the Bible, was a sufferer of temporal lobe epilepsy? (1). Thus, his experiences with God were, merely, figments of his imagination, or more scientifically, over-activity within the temporal lobes of his brain. To the Christian, including myself, this belief sounds absurd. How can one reduce what is deemed Holy to an organic brain dysfunction? The neurobiological bases of religious experiences has not only been researched through examination of temporal lobe epileptic seizures, but it has also been researched in the meditative states and prayer sessions of Tibetan monks and Franciscan nuns, respectively (5).) This paper seeks to present and examine some scientific observations that link the experience of God (thus, surpassing the argument that God exists), and the changes in neurological activity that occur during these experiences. Prior to taking this course in neurobiology and behavior, I firmly believed that the brain equals behavior and that additional experiences of the mind and soul arose from the multitude of activity within the brain. However, I still questioned my assumption that the soul lies within the brain. Subsequently, I came across a Newsweek article titled "Searching For t he God Within," respectively (5).) The article presents the research of Dr. Andrew Newberg and his research team. He and his team examined the brain activity of Tibetan Monks during their peak transcendent state during which they say they experience a oneness with the universe. Upon examination of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images of a resting brain and a meditative brain, Dr. Newberg concluded that there was a noticeable difference in the activity of the frontal and parietal lobes of the brain (7).

Alice Walker s everyday use

Johnny's point of view to make it easier for us, the readers, to understand the plot or purpose of the story. Alice Walker wants us to know more about Mrs.. Johnny's background, a hard working black single mother of two from back then (asses). She struggled all her life for her two daughters, Dee and Maggie; both very different from each other. Mrs..Johnson is brutally honest when describing her two daughters and even herself. She calls herself a â€Å"large, big-boned woman with rough man-working hands†. Often comparing herself to a man doing masculine things because of how hard she works on her property, she kills and cleans hogs, wearing flannel pajamas and overalls †¦ All these reflect a strong, capable and independent mother, even though she lacks of certain education. If the story was to be told from a neutral third person point of view there wouldn't be much of an impact to the theme of the story, heritage.You have Mrs.. Johnson who feels strong about her heritage and Dee who tries to disguise It with the new persona she's created. Coming from a neutral point of view you wouldn't get a feel on how strongly Mrs.. Johnson feels about her heritage since It's not coming from her directly. Details would also be left out, like how Mrs.. Johnson describes herself and a true explanation on the connection she has with her daughters. If the story would have been told from Deed's point of view, we had missed all this Information from Mrs..Johnny's heritage (black woman heritage). Dee Is a very educated, arrogant, selfish, and a determined person. Her knowledge and education has only been used to put other people down, Like she did with her mom, sister and friends. Dee changed her own name to Wanders; she said that she felt oppressed by the people who first name her. Dee didn't even remember where her name came from, or her uncle's names who she still showed some kind of respect for when she remembered him carve the butter chum from a tree they used to h ave.Dee reflects those people who reject their own roots. When Wanders and Yakima-a- barber got to Mrs.. Johnny's home, they seemed Like strangers that didn't belong there. They behaved worse than Ignorant tourists, snapping pictures and getting Intrigued by Mrs.. Johnson and Magpie's rustic realism Like In a documentary, Instead of honoring and embracing the hard work of their own people, their own family. Everyday Use by Alice Walker Mrs.. Johnson who feels strong about her heritage and Dee who tries to disguise it oldest get a feel on how strongly Mrs..Johnson feels about her heritage since it's all this information from Mrs.. Johnny's heritage (black woman heritage). Dee is a education has only been used to put other people down, like she did with her mom, barber got to Mrs.. Johnny's home, they seemed like strangers that didn't belong there. They behaved worse than ignorant tourists, snapping pictures and getting intrigued by Mrs.. Johnson and Magpie's rustic realism like in a documentary, instead

History of Matches Essay

A match is a small stick of wood or strip of cardboard with a solidified mixture of flammable chemicals deposited on one end. When that end is struck on a rough surface, the friction generates enough heat to ignite the chemicals and produce a small flame. Some matches, called strike-anywhere matches, may be ignited by striking them on any rough surface. Other matches, called safety matches, will ignite only when they are struck on a special rough surface containing certain chemicals. History The first known use of matches was in 577 during the siege of a town in northern China. Women in the town used sticks coated with a mixture of chemicals to start fires for cooking and heating, thus allowing them to conserve their limited fuel by putting the fires out between uses. The details of this technique were subsequently lost to history. It was not until 1826 that John Walker of England invented the first friction matches. Walker’s matches were ignited by drawing the heads through a folded piece of paper coated with ground glass. He began selling them in 1827, but they were difficult to light and were not a success. In 1831, Charles Sauria of France developed a match that used white phosphorus. These matches were strike-anywhere matches and were much easier to ignite. Unfortunately, they were too easy to ignite and caused many unintentional fires. White phosphorus also proved to be highly toxic. Workers in match plants who inhaled white phosphorus fumes often suffered f rom a horrible degeneration of the jawbones known as â€Å"phossy jaw.† Despite this health hazard, white phosphorus continued to be used in strike-anywhere matches until the early 1900s, when government action in the United States and Europe forced manufacturers to switch to a nontoxic chemical. In 1844 Gustaf Pasch of Sweden proposed placing some of the match’s combustion ingredients on a separate striking surface, rather than incorporating them all into the match head, as an extra precaution against accidental ignition. This idea—coupled with the discovery of less-reactive, nontoxic red phosphorus—led J. E. Lundstrom of Sweden to introduce safety matches in 1855. Although safety matches posed less of a hazard, many people still preferred the convenience of strike-anywhere matches, and both types continue to be used today. The first matchbook matches were patented in the United States by Joshua Pussey in 1892. The Diamond Match Company purchased the rights to this patent in  1894. At first, these new matches were not well accepted, but when a brewing company bought 10 million matchbooks to advertise their product, sales soared. Early match manufacturing was mainly a manual operation. Mechanization slowly took over portions of the operation until the first automatic match machine was patented by Ebenezer Beecher in 1888. Modern match manufacturing is a highly automated process using continuous-operation machines that can produce as many as 10 million matches in an eight-hour shift with only a few people to monitor the operation. Raw Materials Woods used to make matchsticks must be porous enough to absorb various chemicals, and rigid enough to withstand the bending forces encountered when the match is struck. They should also be straight-grained and easy to work, so that they may be readily cut into sticks. White pine and aspen are two common woods used for this purpose. Once the matchsticks are formed, they are soaked in ammonium phosphate, which is a fire retardant. This prevents the stick from smoldering after the match has gone out. During manufacture, the striking ends of the matchsticks are dipped in hot paraffin wax. This provides a small amount of fuel to transfer the flame from the burning chemicals on the tip to the matchstick itself. Once the paraffin burns off, the ammonium phosphate in the matchstick prevents any further combustion. The heads of strike-anywhere matches are composed of two parts, the tip and the base. The tip contains a mixture of phosphorus sesquisulfide and potassium chlorate. Phosphorus sesquisulfide is a highly reactive, non-toxic chemical used in place of white phosphorus. It is easily ignited by the heat of friction against a rough surface. The potassium chlorate supplies the oxygen needed for combustion. The tip also contains powdered glass and other inert filler material to increase the friction and control the burning rate. Animal glue is used to bind the chemicals together, and a small amount of zinc oxide may be added to the tip to give it a whitish color. The base contains many of the same materials as the tip, but has a smaller amount of phosphorus sesquisulfide. It also contains sulfur, rosin, and a small amount of paraffin wax to sustain combustion. A water-soluble dye may be added to give the base a color such as red or blue. The heads of safety matches are composed of a single part. They contain antimony trisulfide, potassium chlorate, sulfur, powdered glass, inert fillers, and animal glue. They may  also include a water-soluble dye. Antim ony trisulfide cannot be ignited by the heat of friction, even in the presence of an oxidizing agent like potassium chlorate, and it requires another source of ignition to start the combustion. That source of ignition comes from the striking surface, which is deposited on the side of the matchbox or on the back cover of the matchbook. The striking surface contains red phosphorus, powdered glass, and an adhesive such as gum arabic or urea formaldehyde. When a safety match is rubbed against the striking surface, the friction generates enough heat to convert a trace of the red phosphorus into white phosphorus. This immediately reacts with the potassium chlorate in the match head to produce enough heat to ignite the antimony trisulfide and start the combustion. Match boxes and match books are made from cardboard. The finned strips of cardboard used to make the matches in match books are called a comb. The Manufacturing Process Matches are manufactured in several stages. In the case of wooden-stick matches, the matchsticks are first cut, prepared, and moved to a storage area. When the matchsticks are needed, they are inserted into holes in a long perforated belt. The belt carries them through the rest of the process, where they are dipped into several chemical tanks, dried, and packaged in boxes. Cardboard-stick matches used in match books are processed in a similar manner. Here is a typical sequence of operations for manufacturing wooden-stick matches: Cutting the matchsticks 1 Logs of white pine or aspen are clamped in a debarking machine and slowly rotated while spinning blades cut away the outer bark of the tree. 2 The stripped logs are then cut into short lengths about 1.6 ft (0.5 m) long. Each length is placed in a peeler and rotated while a sharp, flat blade peels a long, thin sheet of wood from the outer surface of the log. This sheet is about 0.1 in (2.5 mm) thick and is called a veneer. The peeling blade moves inward toward the core of the rotating log until only a small, round post is left. This post is discarded and may be used for fuel or reduced to wood chips for use in making paper or chipboard. Stripped logs are placed in a peeler, which cuts a sheet about 0.1 in (2.5 mm) thick, called veneer, from the log. The veneer proceeds to the chopper, which cuts it into small sticks. The sticks are soaked in a dilute solution of ammonium phosphate and dried, removing splinters and crystallized solution. The matches are dumped into a feed hopper, which lines them up. A perforated conveyor belt holds them upside down while they are dipped in a series of three tanks. The matches are dried for 50-60 minutes before they are packaged. 3 The sheets of veneer are stacked and fed into a chopper. The chopper has many sharp blades that cut down through the stack to produce as many as 1,000 matchsticks in a single stroke. Treating the matchsticks 4 The cut matchsticks are dumped into a large vat filled with a dilute solution of ammonium phosphate. 5 After they have soaked for several minutes, the matchsticks are removed from the vat and placed in a large, rotating drum, like a clothes dryer. The tumbling action inside the drum dries the sticks and acts to polish and clean them of any splinters or crystallized chemical. 6 The dried sticks are then dumped into a hopper and blown through a metal duct to the storage area. In some operations the sticks are blown directly into the matchmaking facility rather than going to storage. Forming the match heads 7 The sticks are blown from the storage area to a conveyor belt that transfers them to be inserted into holes on a long, continuous, perforated steel belt. The sticks are dumped into several v-shaped feed hoppers that line them up with the holes in the perforated belt. Plungers push the matchsticks into the holes across the width of the slowly moving belt. A typical belt may have 50-100 holes spaced across its width. Any sticks that do not seat firmly into the holes fall to a catch area beneath the belt and are transferred back to the feed hoppers. 8 The perforated belt holds the matchsticks upside down and immerses the lower portion of the sticks in a bath of hot paraffin wax. After they emerge from the wax, the sticks are allowed to dry. 9 Further down the line, the matchsticks are positioned over a tray filled with a liquid solution of the match head chemicals. The tray is then momentarily raised to immerse the ends of the sticks in the solution. Several thousand sticks are coated at the same time. This cycle  repeats itself when the next batch of sticks is in position. If the matches are the strike-anywhere kind, the sticks move on to another tray filled with a solution of the tip chemicals, and the match ends are immersed in that tray, only this time not quite as deeply. This gives strike-anywhere matches their characteristic two-toned appearance. 10 After the match heads are coated, the matches must be dried very slowly or they will not light properly. The belt loops up and down several times as the matches dry for 50-60 minutes. Packaging the matches 11 The cardboard inner and outer portions of the match boxes are cut, printed, folded, and glued together in a separate area. If the box is to contain safety matches, the chemicals for the striking strip are mixed with an adhesive and are automatically applied to the outer portion of the box. 12 When the matches are dry, the belt moves them to the packaging area, where a multi-toothed wheel pushes the finished matches out of the holes in the belt. The matches fall into hoppers, which measure the proper amount of matches for each box. The matches are dumped from the hoppers into the inner portions of the cardboard match boxes, which are moving along a conveyor belt located below the hoppers. Ten or more boxes may be filled at the same time. 13 The outer portions of the match boxes move along another conveyor belt running parallel to the first belt. Both conveyors stop momentarily, and the filled inner portions are pushed into the outer portions. This cycle of filling the inner portion s and pushing them into the outer portions is repeated at a rate of about once per second. 14 The filled match boxes are moved by conveyor belt to a machine, which groups them and places them in a corrugated cardboard box for shipping. Quality Control The chemicals for each portion of the match head are weighed and measured exactly to avoid any variation in the match composition that might affect performance. Operators constantly monitor the operation and visually inspect the product at all stages of manufacture. In addition to visual inspection and other normal quality control procedures, match production requires strict attention to safety. Considering that there may be more than one million matches attached to the perforated belt at any time means that the working environment must be kept free of all sources of accidental ignition. The Future The use of matches in the United States has steadily declined in the last few decades. This decline is the result of several factors: the availability of inexpensive, disposable lighters; the decrease in the use of tobacco products by the general public; and the development of automatic lighting devices for gas-fired stoves. Of the matches that are sold, book matches far outsell wooden stick matches because of their advertising value. Worldwide, matches will continue to be in demand for the foreseeable future, although their production will probably follow the demand and migrate to other countries. Where to Learn More Books Bennett, H., ed. The Chemical Formulary, Vol. XV. Chemical Publishing Company, Inc., 1970. Periodicals Bean, M.C. â€Å"History of the Match,† Antiques and Collecting Hobbies. September, 1992, pp. 42-44. — Chris Cavette

The Role of Alfieri Essay Example

The Role of Alfieri Essay Example The Role of Alfieri Essay The Role of Alfieri Essay He also appears to be completely American, as he does not speak with an Italian accent, unlike Marco and Rodolpho. Even he admits it, when he says And now we are quite civilised, quite American. He is talking about how he has changed from when he was a Sicilian living in Sicily and how he no longer keeps a gun in his filing cabinet. Alfieri is very eloquent and sophisticated when speaking to the audience, however his language simple when addressing Eddie: I dont understand what I can do for you. Is there a question of law somewhere? Alfieri involves the audience and builds up tension within the play, preparing them for the tragedy that is about to take place. He also shows us his helplessness and powerlessness with regards to Eddies situation, by showing us that there is no way for anybody to change his mind. At the end, he delivers a powerful soliloquy to the audience that leaves us with no sympathy or feelings for Eddie. He reiterates his message in an equally powerful manner: Most of the time we settle for half and I like it better. The whole theme of power and powerlessness is very important in A View From the Bridge, for it is one of the issues that will affect the outcome of the play. Beatrice and Catherines powerlessness over Eddie only kindles the problem. If Catherine had actually stood up for herself and moved out, Eddies feelings would have surely died down and maybe even have subsided completely and he would have gained the sympathy of the audience. It is only towards the end of the play, during the final scene, that Catherine actually stand up for herself and turns on him for the first time when she says Who the hell do you think you are? Beatrice however, does not, for at this point she feels sorry for Eddie, and stands up for him: Then we all belong in the garbage. You, and me too. Dont say that. Whatever happened we all done it, and dont you ever forget it, Catherine. Now go, go to your wedding, Katie, Ill stay at home. Go. God bless you, God bless your children. Alfieri shows us Eddie as he really is. Through Alfieri we can realise Eddies true feelings and thoughts, and we have some idea of what is going to happen. Alfieris character is essential in A View From the Bridge. He is the link between the audience and the characters. He informs them about characters, the action offers unbiased opinions and builds up tension within the play. He is also the bridge between the audience and the characters, as he plays the role of the narrator. He oversees the people and the action of the play. He represents the division between law and justice, and discusses this in detail in Act 1, Scene 1: A lawyer means the law, and in Sicily, where their fathers came from, the law has not been a friendly idea since the Greeks were beaten. This informs the audience of the difference between the law in America and the law is Sicily. In Sicily, where Alfieri is from, there is a definite difference between the law and justice. In Italy, the law is for family; however in the US, it is for the government and the country. Sicilians believe that the punishment should fit the crime. Sometimes when they feel as though the law has not been sufficient, they take it into their own hands: Oh, there were many here who were justly shot by unjust men. Alfieri gives us the moral of the play, in that it is better to settle for half than to try and have it all. By doing so, he makes the audience aware of the need for compromise in life and that it is better to sacrifice one thing for something else. Alfieri also explains one of the most important themes of the play: timelessness, in that this story could have taken place at any time in history and its moral would still be the same. Alfieri is therefore the voice of Miller in A View From the Bridge, who uses him to put his opinions and thoughts across to the audience.

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buy custom Theodore Roosevelt essay When the name of the 26th head of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt is mentioned, what normally comes to mind is the progressive era. While there is no doubt that he was among the admired leaders during that era, the most striking legacy of Theodore Roosevelt was the expansion of the Federal Government. At the time of independence, the founders of the United States had envisioned a less powerful government that was more concerned with the protection of individual liberty of its citizens (Paul and Buckley 1). During that early period, the state and local governments were more prominent in the daily lives of the American citizens as they played a bigger role of promoting and protecting their social and economic welfare. However, President Theodore Roosevelt is among the American Presidents considered to have championed the need to expand the powers and authorities of the Federal Government so as to play a chief role in supporting the social and economic welfare of the American peop le. Although, the expansion of the Federal Government had begun during the Civil War through President Abraham Lincoln, President Theodore Roosevelt assisted by the popularity of the Progressive ideologies, reinforced the idea of big government in the minds of American citizens in addition to the American political arena (Big-Government Man). Theodore Roosevelt birth and death was on October 27, 1858 and January 6, 1919 respectively. He was recorded to be the 26th head of the United States at the age of 42 after the death of the former President William McKinley who was assassinated in 1901. President Theodore Roosevelt had earlier served in the American Navy before venturing into public life and serving in his country in many capacities especially in New York City. However, his star as a national leader started to rise in 1898 when he was elected the governor of New York State in a hotly contested election (Powell 82.) As a governor, he was credited with weeding the state of corruption in politics and business as well as numerous scandals that were common during his predecessors. President Theodore Roosevelt soon became the Vice-President of the United States when President William McKinley chose him as the running mate in the 1900 presidential elections. Being a progressive and a popular one for that matter, he helped P resident William McKinley assume the highest seat in the United States, but soon found himself running the country after President McKinley was assassinated in 1901 (Paul and Buckley 1). Upon assuming office as the President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelts aspiration to spread out the powers and authorities of the Federal Government were effective within only some months into the office. He used his first address to the Congress to express his desire for strong antitrust policies. On numerous occasions during his Presidency, Theodore Roosevelt asserted that the President of the United States should use without hesitation every power the position yields (Powell 89). President Theodore Roosevelt believed that politicians would be able to solve all the worlds problems if they were granted enough power. Powell notes that the reign of Presient Theodore Roosevelt steered in a fresh period of improved government concern in the monetary and societal circumstances of the country (90). While President Theodore Roosevelt was not the first U.S. President to expand the supremacy and influence of the Federal Government over the state and local governments, he is consider ed to be the first to have done so during peaceful times. The expansion of the Federal Government was started by President Abraham Lincoln. However, unlike President Theodore Roosevelt who served during peaceful times, he was forced to expand the powers of his office in order to respond to the devastating effects of the Civil War, which according to him required extraordinary measures so as to protect the citizens of the Union (McDonald 56). While President Theodore Roosevelt used to make known his beliefs on what roles should be performed by the Federal Government, he reinforced those believers through many deeds during his tenure as the President. At different times during his Presidency, Theodore Roosevelt argued that the office of the President is allowed to wield all powers so long as such powers are not forbidden by the constitution. This argument has continued to be replicated by many subsequent Presidents (notably by his distant cousin Franklin D. Roosevelt) through their deeds. While President Franklin D. Roosevelt is considered to have greatly contributed to the expansion of federal powers and authority in the history of the U.S. Presidents through his New Deal programs, he drew a lot of inspiration from the deeds and beliefs of his distant cousin, President Theodore Roosevelt (McDonald 70). Through President Theodore Roosevelt, the idea of big government was institutionalized in the American political landscape as the deeds of most of his successors would attest. After the Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, the expansion of the Federal Government continued through expansion of federal programs and agencies. For instance, towards the end of the progressive era, a number of policies and laws were initiated by the Federal Government with an aim of promoting the monetary and social provisions of the American people. For example, the Federal Reserve (1913) and the Federal Trade Commission (1914) were formed to look into the welfares of the American citizens (McDonald 78). The creation of the United States Food Administration in 1917 was predominantly imperative in demonstrating the extension of the Federal Government in the standards of living of the American citizens .The body was charged with regulating the food industry by controlling agriculture, distribution, as well as sale of food products in the United States. Similarly, other bodies were formed to regulate production, distribution and sale of fuel in the United States and later, regulation was extended to the entire American economy, something that was more prominent during the Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt (Paul and Buckley 1). President Theodore Roosevelt was probably the first President in the record of the United States to have presided over the biggest expansion of powers and authorities of the Federal Government. While earlier governments had started to show intention of increasing the involvement of the FFederal Government in the way of life of the American people, President Theodore Roosevelt came out openly to support and reinforce programs that would increase the powers and authorities of the U.S. Federal Government. His antitrust policies were particularly important in enforcing the antitrust laws passed in the previous decade (Big-Government Man). In 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt created a new cabinet position, Department of Commerce and Labor that would address labor and business issues in the country. The Bureau of Corporations which falls under the department was empowered during his Presidency to investigate and make reports on the illegal activities undertaken by corporations. On the sa me year, President Theodore Roosevelt oversaw the enactment of the Elkins Act which authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to deal with the discriminating rebates which was caused by the railroads abuse of economic power (Paul and Buckley 1). In addition, the Meat Inspection Act passed in 1906, allowed for sanitary and federal regulations as well as inspections of meat production in the meat packing facilities. With this act, the Federal Government provided avenues to protect the consumers of meat products from frauds of drugs, food and meat packing, as well as from poisonous industries. The expansion of Federal Government during the reign of President Theodore Roosevelt cannot be complete without a discussion on the role of the government on land use and conservation. Being a conservationist, he challenged the dominant view at the time that decisions on land use should be left to private owners since they have a high stake in order to improve the worth of their businesses (Paul and Buckley 1). President Theodore Roosevelt expanded the powers of the Federal Government to stifle the privatization of American lands that had been common for many decades. In 1905, he created the U.S. Forest Service that was entitled to manage thousands of acres of government land that were earlier managed by the Department of the Interior. Although the move was popular at the time and is considered as one of the greatest accomplishments of President Theodore Roosevelt, he was able to keep on with the development of the federal powers and authorities in the everyday lives of the American people. Conclusion President Theodore Roosevelt being one of the most commemorated heads of the United States is no doubt. He is particularly known for his progressive ideals that not only propelled him to power but also helped him gain a respectable honor from American people for many years and even to date. While he may not be faulted for having introduced numerous programs and agencies with an aim of enhancing the economic and social conditions of the American people, his deeds and words were particularly important in reinforcing the idea of big government in the United States. He not only expanded the powers and authorities of the Federal Government during his Presidency, but also instilled the notion that the Federal Government must increase its involvement in the daily lives of the people so as to improve their social and economic welfares. The idea has remained prominent to date. Buy custom Theodore Roosevelt essay

Should I Hire Someone to Upload My Ebook or Do it Myself

Should I Hire Someone to Upload My Ebook or Do it Myself When Hope saw my Fiverr gig on uploading ebooks to ebookstores for $5 each, she asked me how I could do it so easily and so cheaply. Actually, uploading is the easiest part of self-publishing, and you probably already have everything you need. Heres what you should know to upload your ebook (varies  ·          An account with the vendor (Amazon, iTunes Connect, Nook Press, Kobo, etc.)  ·          Book title and subtitle (optional)  ·          Series name and number (optional)  ·          Author name(s)  ·          Publisher (you can just use your name, e.g.: Amy Author Books)  ·          Description (back cover blurb)  ·          Book categories (you can find BISAC codes here; two to five categories, depending on the platform)  ·          Age range (for childrens books)  ·          Print length (optional)  ·          Language its written in  ·          ISBN-13 (optional) from Bowker in the U.S., plus the print ISBN-13 if there is a print version  ·          Base Currency (yours - USD, CAN, GBP, EUR, AU, etc.)  ·          Book price in your currency  ·          Book price for other countries (either use their default at the exchange rate or change to end in .99)  ·          Keywords (what the reader will search for to find your book)  ·          Whether you want Digital Rights Management (DRM)  ·          If its not in the public domain, verification that you have the rights to publish it  ·          An ebook file (most will take .doc files, but an .epub looks better)  ·          A cover (in .jpg or .png format) Once the client provides me with all of this information, its easy to just copy and paste. If a problem comes up, its usually in iBooks, related to the cover. The outside cover shown on the site needs to be a minimum of 1,400 pixels wide. However, the cover on the inside of the book must be smaller (no more than four million pixels). The same is true for all interior images. So, if its so easy to upload, why would anyone hire someone else to do it? Usually, its because they dont have access. For example, uploading to iBooks requires a Mac. If you dont have a Mac, you can use Mac in Cloud for a fee, go through an aggregator like Draft2Digital or Smashwords, or hire someone to do it for you. The learning curve for Mac in Cloud could be costly, and, if you go through an aggregator, you will be charged 10-15 percent of all sales you make. Thats why people will pay someone on Fiverr to upload to iBooks for them. It does require that you give a stranger your userid and password to your account, but if you find someone with good reviews, its not much of a risk, and you can always change your password immediately after they upload. Another reason people might hire someone else to upload their ebook is if they live outside the U.S. and want to publish their book on Nook Press. I understand its difficult, if not impossible. So, hiring someone to do it for a few bucks makes sense. I hope I took some of the mystery (and fear) out of uploading for you, and helped you make your decision whether to do it yourself or hire someone to do it for you. And, hey, if you need assistance, check out my Fiverr gig. Id be happy to help you.

The Lottery for Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Lottery for - Essay Example The target audience is casual information seekers or researchers who want to have an entry level source of information that could lead to further research. The basic content for both sites, which is Shirley Jackson’s brief bio, list of works, and further reading, was easy to identify. Locating the information providers was an important step in understanding who created the pages.The author of â€Å"The Works of Shirley Jackson† is clearly identified (Hubbard, â€Å"Author: Kristen Hubbard†) and is a former student of English Literature at Virginia Commonwealth University. It is hosted on the university’s server and would therefore have their approval for authenticity. The site â€Å"Shirley Jackson’s Bio† does not include information about the authors. Further research concluded that Laurence Hyman, son of Shirley Jackson, is the sponsor of the website. The type and amount of information on each site was looked at next. â€Å"Shirley Jackson ’s Bio† shows the last update in 2009, as revealed in the copyright. The links on this site are active, but they do not point to other sites related to Jackson’s works and only lead to Jackson’s works available at Amazon.com. This static information reduces the sponsor’s need to update the pages frequently. ... Both are well structured in a simple and easy-to-navigate layout. Each site lists a brief biography of Jackson and a list of her works. â€Å"Shirley Jackson’s Bio† provides links to Amazon.com to her stories while â€Å"The Works of Shirley Jackson† offers a more complete list, including her short stories and essays. The language used in both sites is easy to understand, error free, and the content is factual information. The author of this paper had searched for papers and criticism on Jackson’s work using the Chadwyck Healy database prior to conducting this survey of websites. While this helped to verify that the information at these two sites was accurate and consistent with information available elsewhere, it also led to the discovery that these sites provided only a brief background of Jackson’s works. â€Å"The Works of Shirley Jackson† is slightly superior by having a reasonably long list of over forty-five books and articles that off er critiques of Jackson’s work. Unfortunately, no useful links were provided on the page. In contrast, â€Å"Shirley Jackson’s Bio† does not give any such information at all and limits itself to a page of single line quotes from reviews of Jackson’s work. Areas of Improvement Both sites are similar in content with the only difference being the type of links offered in each. â€Å"The Works of Shirley Jackson† is geared for the academic audience while â€Å"Shirley Jackson’s Bio† has a commercial tilt. The first improvement would be to merge these two targeted audiences and have links to further information available for both types of audiences. It must be remembered that these two types of audiences are not mutually exclusive and would benefit by this change. As such, a second improvement would

Stakeholder analysis and engagement in Management and planning for Essay

Stakeholder analysis and engagement in Management and planning for competing interests in Great Barrier Reef - Essay Example I have also talked to representatives of the stakeholders who all practically agreed to all the engagement techniques that you have been adopting. It might be exhilarating to know that most of them find the seminars, discussions, workshops and consultations that you have been conducting worthwhile because these produced in such stakeholders a renewed, reinvigorated determination to protect mother nature and that starts with the preservation of the Great Barrier Reef. The subject matter of the Great Barrier Reef immediately calls to mind the problem of climate change that has been bedeviling the whole world. This has caused immeasurable alarm to every nation on earth because if left unabated, it will signal the extinction of this planet. Problems of management and planning of the Great Barrier Reef by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA), to whom the whole paper is addressed to, are but of secondary and minor importance. Because the problem of a steady rise in water temperature in the Great Barrier Reef can certainly cause bleaching and ultimately death of the coral reefs and thus ecological imbalance among the flora and fauna that take refuge in such reefs, and because such problems of man destroying the coral reefs through fishing through dynamiting, use of toxic chemicals that poison reef fishes and land erosion runoff, muro ami fishing among others, there is the urgency of identifying all stakeholders and finding means or techniques of making them all a part of the solution solvers to these pressing problems. Most of the techniques used to brainwash these stakeholders to make them identify with the problems of the Great Barrier Reef and cause them to consider such problems as their own and thus help the with its aims and objectives, have already been utilised by GBRMPA. This paper hopefully reinforces and supplements what GBRMPA has been doing. This paper then concludes to declare that GBRMPA is certainly treading the right path to the right direction and wishes GBRMPA to widen its scope of stakeholders that it must share the onus to, now that this paper has identified and clarified all the stakeholders that should share the burden of the problem

Create a STRONG THESIS FOR The last Report on the Miracles at Little Research Paper

Create a STRONG THESIS FOR The last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse - Research Paper Example Every point of repeating the use of these symbols Erdrich regulates the narrative by rephrasing the Catholic symbolism to suit a specific syncretism perceptive. This gradually obliterates the preceding tensions, which existed between the Catholic customs and the Ojibwe customary religion. Erdric brings the symbols to an ultimate synergetic declaration in the character of Father Damien. Moreover, Erdrich applies recurrence of Catholic symbolism to explore questions of gender and cultural distinctiveness, which are entrenched within the religious history of Catholicism and Ojibwe customary religion. Introduction This is one of the remarkable novels of Louise Erdrich, where he takes her readers through the saintly realm and on an astounding expedition of soul searching. The novel presents a challenge and adjusts our ideas about issues such as the deep meaning of gender and purpose for religion. This essay seeks to answer the question â€Å"does Louise Erdrich succeed in using repetitio n of religious symbols to fit specific syncretism view?† As a point of departure, Louise Erdrich argues her association with the faith of her custom, the Catholicism of her father and her mothers’ Ojibwe traditional religion. Erdrich accepts that, religion is a profound power, which people magnetize around the central faith system (Louise, 106). However, Erdrich notes that, individual loyalty to both is difficult. In an interview, with Katie Bacon, Erdrich confirms that, there is no existence of worry in his life concerning the two structures of belief (Katie, 11). This change in response presumes that Erdrich has undergone a complete metamorphosis on reconciliation. Looking directly at Erdrich’s application of religious symbolism over the course of her novel â€Å"The last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse†, she seems to have created a relationship between the two structures of belief. This allows her to move from a conflict point of complementary synergic acceptance to a point of balance (Louise, 107). It is imperative to note that, this change of mind to a reconciliatory tone is not by theological synthesis of the beliefs upheld by the two religions, but it comes from Erdrich’s aptitude to find a way to budge past the agonizing chronological association, which existed amid the two systems of beliefs. The change in perspective is mirrored in Erdrich’s application of religious symbolism in her novel. In the novel â€Å"The last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse† numerous of Aldrich’s religious arguments arrive at a sort of culmination. Use of Baptism Within this Baptismal prospect, Erdrich presents a substitute but practicable understanding of baptismal symbolism. Erdrich achieves this by describing the baptism of Lulu Nanapush. Nonetheless, in her second adjustment of the prospect, Erdrich decides to portray the events from the viewpoint of Father Damien. It is notable that, Father Damien ‘s recitation completes a trajectory of narrators that begun in The Beet Queen, with Wallace Pfef. At first Erdrich perceives the Christian baptism from A German-American view then explores the Ojibwe view through the eyes of Nanapush and reaches that a point of religious syncretism through the recitation of Father Damien who embraces both Catholic and Ojibwe customs (Louise, 113). The three viewpoints explored belong to men or a masquerading male such as for the case of Father Damien. These men are not able to sire children. Following this predicament, the power

Family Medical Leave Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Family Medical Leave Act - Essay Example It is important to notice that any federal employee or officer, who has been covered under subchapter V of chapter 63 under title 5, would not be eligible for this leave. Moreover if the employee has been working at such a worksite where the total number of employees is less than 50 then also that employee would not be eligible for family and medical leave. There are certain conditions due to which any eligible employees would be entitled to leave. An eligible employee would be entitled to leave in case of birth of son or daughter or in case of taking care of the same. If spouse, parent, son or daughter of an employee is having serious health condition then the employee would be entitled to leave in order to take care of them. If the employee himself/herself is seriously ill and as a result he/she could not perform properly then also he/she would be entitled to such leave. One of the main purposes of FMLA is to create the balance between the need of the families and demand of the workplace. Other important purposes include promoting economic stability and security of families, promoting the importance of family integrity which is a national interest. One of the most important purposes of FMLA is to entitle employees for taking reasonable leave so that they can care their son or daughter, spouse or parent who are having serious health condition. Employees would be entitled to this leave for their own health condition also (United States Department of Labor, n.d.). In case of FMLA employers do not need to pay wages during the leave periods. Total duration of this leave could be at the most 12 weeks. Sometimes health insurance premiums of workers’ are paid by the employers. As per FMLA these employers must continue to pay these premiums for their workers during the leave

Spain culture and traditions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spain culture and traditions - Research Paper Example The bull is usually killed at the end of the occasion. This activity usually takes place between the months of April and October, and the Spaniards usually prepare for this event with excitement. There have been several occasions when this tradition has been banned by governments, but progressive ones allow its reinstitution. This is an indicator that the practice is ingrained in the Spanish culture and it is not easy to get rid of it (Whittaker 2008 p 67). Traditional songs and dance are also core components of Spanish culture. They vary from region to region, and the music is mainly focused on conveying particular messages to the listeners. For example in the 20th century, Spanish traditional music was largely used to spread propaganda regarding the totalitarian rule. These include Jota, Fandango, and Sardana amongst others (Moffitt 1999 p 43). The Spanish folk dance was a significant indicator of unity and identity. Annual festivals are held every year, providing an avenue for the Spaniards to demonstrate their culture. In such occasions, they demonstrate their cultural music and dances, fireworks, paintings amongst other traditional activities. The culture and traditions of the Spaniards is an important factor that gives them a sense of identity of the nation (Nash 2001 p 56). It generates personality and uniqueness amongst the Spain nationals. It also helps in building strong social institutions through establishing the nationâ₠¬â„¢s behavioral

Television Commercials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Television Commercials - Essay Example It is hard to argue with the belief that television commercials have a compelling effect on us. To best check this assumption, the cultivation theory is applied to discover the effects of television commercials on the attitudes and behaviors of the general public. According to Das, â€Å"Cultivation theory suggests that consumers’ perceptions of social reality are heavily influenced by how they see themselves and others portrayed in the media. Many researchers are of the opinion that television ads present idealized images of appropriate behaviors and roles for men and women, making television advertising an important factor in developing notions of what appropriate behaviors and roles are for each sex† (2011:208). Among mass media, television is the most widely used form of advertising, and the influence of television on the average American’s behavior and role are immense. We are repeatedly exposed to this influence, and we absorb it subconsciously and become naturalized with it. In many commercials, there is a large and consistent difference in the way men and women are portrayed. As observed by Water, â€Å"Women in commercials were typically portrayed as deficient in credibility, product users but not product authorities, most often situated in domestic locations, having no occupation except homemaker, and demonstrating a dependent role. This is in contrast with men, who were typically portrayed as credible, product authorities, and situated outdoors. Also, men were perceived to be powerful and thrived in independent roles† (2006:17). The role of gender application is imbalanced, with the female gender being represented in an inferior manner compared to their male counterparts; one is being served and is strong and independent, while the other is serving, and is weak and dependent.

Spain culture and traditions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spain culture and traditions - Research Paper Example The bull is usually killed at the end of the occasion. This activity usually takes place between the months of April and October, and the Spaniards usually prepare for this event with excitement. There have been several occasions when this tradition has been banned by governments, but progressive ones allow its reinstitution. This is an indicator that the practice is ingrained in the Spanish culture and it is not easy to get rid of it (Whittaker 2008 p 67). Traditional songs and dance are also core components of Spanish culture. They vary from region to region, and the music is mainly focused on conveying particular messages to the listeners. For example in the 20th century, Spanish traditional music was largely used to spread propaganda regarding the totalitarian rule. These include Jota, Fandango, and Sardana amongst others (Moffitt 1999 p 43). The Spanish folk dance was a significant indicator of unity and identity. Annual festivals are held every year, providing an avenue for the Spaniards to demonstrate their culture. In such occasions, they demonstrate their cultural music and dances, fireworks, paintings amongst other traditional activities. The culture and traditions of the Spaniards is an important factor that gives them a sense of identity of the nation (Nash 2001 p 56). It generates personality and uniqueness amongst the Spain nationals. It also helps in building strong social institutions through establishing the nationâ₠¬â„¢s behavioral

Discovering Mathematics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Discovering Mathematics - Essay Example This situation contributes to gender disparity in labor force. However, the government of Oman is currently implementing non discrimination policies in recruitment processes in the public sector. As a result, the number of women hired in government departments is steadily rising. Currently, women consist of about 30% of the government workforce. With this figure, public sector still provides more employment opportunities to women than men (Al-Azri, 2012). Hence, this research examines the gender question in the private sector employment. It compares the number of male and females employed in the private sector. Data Collection This research used a questionnaire which was self administered for data collection. The questionnaire contained closed format or multiple questions for easy quantitative data analysis. Closed ended responses are easy to code, perform data entry and analyze (McDaniel & Gates, 1998). The sample was drawn using random sampling technique. Questionnaire This survey is conducted to determine the number of females and males in employed in the private sector. Thanks you very much for participating in the survey. Please complete the questionnaire and return it to the issuer. It only takes 3 minutes to respond to the questions. Be assured that your responses shall be treated with utmost confidentiality. . Section A: (Demographic Information) (Please, tick one) 1. Are you: Male ? Female ? 2. Are you: Under 21 ? 21 - 25 ? 26 - 30 ? 31 - 35 ? 36 - 40 ? 41 - 45 ? 46 - 50 ? 51 - 55 ? 56 - 60 ? 60+ ? Section B: (Employment Information) (Please, tick one) 3. Are you: Employed ? Not Employed ? 4. If employed, are you: Full-time employed ? Part-time employed ? 5. In which sector are you employed? Private ? Public ? 6. In which industry are you employed? Agricultural and Mining ? Manufacturing and Construction ? Transport and Telecommunication ? Science and Technology ? Wholesale and Retail Trade ? Real estate and Rental ? Health Care and Social services ? T ourism, Arts, Recreation and Entertainment ? Finance and Insurance ? Other (specify).................................................................................... *END* Results Fig 1.0: A table showing the number of males and females working in private sector according to age groups Age Group Male Females Total Under 21 8,617 1,437 10,054 21-25 33,565 8,696 42,261 26-30 37,966 9,713 47,679 31-35 24,931 6,539 31,470 36-40 11,538 3,615 15,153 41-45 7,201 2,097 9,298 46-50 6,360 1,274 7,634 51-55 5,161 820 5,981 56-60 3,159 296 3,455 60+ 1,380 76 1,456 Total 139,878 34,563 174,441 (Adapted from statistical year book, 2012) Analysis Fig 1.1: Table showing analyzed data for male employees Age Group x f fx x-? (x-?)^2 f(x-?)^2 Under 21 9.5 8,617 81,861.5 -21.5 462.25 3,983,208.25 21-25 23 33,565 771,995 -8 64 2,148,160 26-30 28 37,966 1,063,048 -3 9 341,694 31-35 33 24,931 822,723 2 4 99,724 36-40 38 11,538 438,444 7 49 565,362 41-45 43 7,201 309,643 12 144 1,036,944 46-50 48 6,360 305,280 17 289 1,838,040 51-55 53 5,161 275,533 22 484 2,497,924 56-60 58 3,159 183,222 27 729 2,302,911 61-75 68 1,380 93,840 37 1,360 1,876,800 139,878 4,345,589.5 16, 690,767.25 Mean Age of Males Mean = ?fx ? ?f 4,345,589.5 ? 139,878 31 years Standard Deviation in Age of Males Standard Deviation v (?f(x-?) ^2/?f) v (16,690,767.25 ? 139,878) 11 years Median Age of Males Median = L + Where L is lower limit of median class N is total cumulative frequency Fi-1 is cumulative freque

Biblical canon Essay Example for Free

Biblical canon Essay What do Fee and Stuart say is the only proper control for hermeneutics?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| the original intent of the biblical text| * Question 2 0 out of 3 points According to Fee and Stuart, regarding literary context, the most important question you will ever ask is, Whats the point?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | False| * Question 3 3 out of 3 points According to Fee and Stuart what do they say is the aim of a good interpretation?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| to get at the plain meaning of the text| * Question 4 3 out of 3 points According to Fee and Stuarts analysis they think most people do a very good job of handling Old Testament narrative passages. Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | False| * Question 5 3 out of 3 points The Septuagint is a product of the Babylonian Exile.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True| * Question 6 3 out of 3 points Old Testament narrative normally does not directly teach a doctrine.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True| * Question 7 3 out of 3 points Until just after World War II the oldest OT manuscripts we had dated from about 200 B.C.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | False| * Question 8 3 out of 3 points What is the first concern of translators?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| that the original text they are using is as close as possible to the original wording as when it left the authors hand| * Question 9 3 out of 3 points According to the text (Harbin) and the traditional/conservative view Moses wrote Genesis.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True| * Question 10 3 out of 3 points What three languages were the 66 books of the Protestant Bible originally written?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek| * Question 11 3 out of 3 points The focus of the ___________ is on Jesus and his claim to be the Messiah.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| Gospels| * Question 12 0 out of 3 points The Modern View of the Bible approaches biblical documents as highly reliable.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True| * Question 13 3 out of 3 points What is the significance of the Dead Sea Scrolls?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| They gave us a much older collection of Old Testament manuscripts.| * Question 14 3 out of 3 points The two types of context Fee and Stuart discussed in this weeks reading were†¦Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| historical and literary| * Question 15 3 out of 3 points | The Traditional View of the Bible is also known as the liberal view.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | False| * Question 16 3 out of 3 points Which of the following are not among the common causes people misinterpret biblical narratives mentioned in the text?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| projection * Question 17 0 out of 3 points In our readings this week the Bible is described in part as, the Word of God given in human words in history.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | False * Question 18 3 out of 3 points  According to Fee and Stuart what is the antidote to bad interpretation?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:| good interpretation, based upon commonsense guidelines| * Question 19 3 out of 3 points The NT canon was formalized at the 3rd Council of Carthage in AD397.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True| * Question 20 3 out of 3 points  At the end of Old Testament narratives we are always told whether the events spoken of were good or bad. We are not expected to be able to judge for ourselves based upon other related portions of scripture.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | False